Bioagents as Safe Control Agents against Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Macrophomina phaseolina of Cluster Bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, 12619, Giza, Egypt.

2 Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Egypt

Abstract

Seven different selected fungal and bacterial isolates viz., Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum, Chaetomium globosum, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Debaryomyces sp. and Streptomyces lavendulae and the mycorrhizal product of Glomus sp. were evaluated against the fungal pathogens, Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizoctonia solani the causal pathogens of damping-off and root-rot diseases of cluster bean in vitro, greenhouse and under field conditions. Data obtained indicated that all the tested bioagents resulted significant reduction in linear growth of the tested fungi. In this respect, in vitro. B. subtilis, P. fluorescens, T. viride, T. harzianum and C. globosum were the most effective in reducing the linear growth, whereas S. lavendulae and Debaryomyces sp. were the lowest effective. All the tested bioagents, mycorrhizae and the fungicide Rizolex-T50 significantly reduced the percentages of damping-off, root rot and wilt diseases of cluster bean when grown in artificially infested soil with F. oxysporum, M. phaseolina and R. solani under greenhouse conditions compared with control treatment. This reduction resulted in a significant increase in survived plants under soil infestation with the mixture of pathogenic fungi. Based on healthy survived plants both bacterial isolates followed by both fungal isolates were the most effective after fungicide. In-vivo, all the tested treatments, i.e., bioagents, mycorrhizae, the fungicide Rizoles-T50 showed significant decrease in the percentages of damping-off (pre- and post-emergence) and dead plants due to infection by root rot and wilt with significant increase in survived plants under the natural infection at Dakahliya governorate during two successive seasons (2016 and 2017) compared with control treatment. In case of bioagents treatments the highest seed yield plot-1 occurred under the treatment of T. harzianum followed by T. viride then P. fluorescens and B. subtilis in both seasons. From the foregoing results, it may be concluded that using T. harzianum from fungal bioagents and P. fluorescens from bacteria bioagents as seed treatments could be applied for controlling damping-off, root rot and wilt diseases in cluster bean plants and improving crop parameters and seed yield.

Keywords

Egyptian Journal of Phytopathology
Volume 50, Issue 2
December 2022
Pages 138-150

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