Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Wheat Diseases Res. Dept., Plant Pathol. Res. Inst., ARC, Giza, Egypt
2
Wheat Research Dept., Field Crop Res. Inst., ARC, Giza, Egypt
Abstract
Adult plant resistance (APR) to stem rust in seven Egyptian wheat cultivars i.e., Giza 168, Misr 1, Misr 2, Sakha 94, Gemmeiza 12, Sids 13 and Sids 14 and five stem rust resistance genes i.e., Sr9e, Sr11, Sr13, Sr28 and SrPl, were characterized during 2014/2015, 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 growing seasons at Sids Research Station. Stem rust resistance in seven Egyptian wheat cultivars was experimentally measured using two epidemiological parameters; final rust severity (FRS %) and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC). All of these parameters were found to be lower in the partially resistant (PR) cultivars; Giza-168, Sids-14, Sakha-94 and Gemmeiza-12, rather than those in the highly susceptible or fast-rusting cultivars; Misr-1, Misr-2 and Sids-13 as well as the check variety; Morocco. The partially resistant (PR) cultivars were slightly affected by stem rust infection resulting in little or few grain yield loss (%), less than the highly susceptible or fast-rusting cultivars which were severely rusted and showed high loss in grain yield under field conditions. F1 plants resulted from the crosses between these cultivars and the five stem rust resistance genes were planted, during 2014/2015 growing season, to produce F2 seeds. The resulted F2 plants were tested under field conditions in 2016/2017 at adult stage against a mixture of Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici races. Segregations of F2 plants indicated that the stem rust resistance gene; Sr13 was identified in all the tested wheat cultivars, except Misr 2. While SrPl was detected in the three wheat cultivars i.e., Sids 14, Sakha 94 and Gemmeiza 12, Also the three wheat cultivars; Giza 168, Sids 13 and Gemmeiza 12 proved to have the resistance gene Sr9e. The stem rust resistance gene Sr28; was found only in the two cultivars, Giza 168 and Sids 14, but Sr11 was identified in three wheat cultivars i.e., Giza 168, Sids 13 and Gemmeiza 12. A combination or pyramiding of multiple genes for stem rust resistance in one particular wheat cultivar prolonged their life expectancy and gives it the potentiality to be more durable.
Keywords
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